膜科学与技术

原位合成法二氧化硅/硅钨酸改性聚乙烯醇质子交换膜的研制

作者：郝燕¹，刘书题¹，²，郭贵宝¹，班辉¹，²，赵文广²

单位： 1. 内蒙古科技大学化学与化工学院，内蒙古包头，014010；2. 内蒙古科技大学材料与冶金学院，内蒙古包头，014010

关键词：质子交换膜；聚乙烯醇；原位合成；二氧化硅

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2015,35(1):82-86

摘要：

以聚乙烯醇（PVA）为基体，利用原位合成法制备了二氧化硅（SiO2）和硅钨酸（SiWA）微粒在PVA基质中均匀分布的二氧化硅/硅钨酸改性聚乙烯醇（SiO2/SiWA-m-PVA）质子交换膜。利用扫描电镜（SEM）和热重分析仪（TG）分别对膜的形貌及热稳定性进行了表征，四氯化硅与钨酸钠摩尔比对SiO2/SiWA-m-PVA质子交换膜的质子导电性能、阻醇性能的影响。结果表明，四氯化硅与钨酸钠摩尔比为1：1时，原位合成的二氧化硅和硅钨酸在质子交换膜中分散均匀，在温度低于100℃时SiO2/SiWA-m-PVA膜保水性能好；室温质子电导率为1.48×10-2 S?cm-1，甲醇渗透率为1.37×10-7cm2?s-1，比相同条件下Nafion117膜甲醇渗透率低一个数量级，应用于直接甲醇燃料电池单电池能量密度可达11.82mW?cm-2。

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a matrix, silica and silicon tungstate (SiWA) particles prepared by in-situ synthesis uniformly distributed in the SiO2/SiWA-m-PVA membrane. With scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal gravimetric analysis(TG),the morphology and thermal stability of the membrane are characterized. The influence of mole ratio of SiCl4/sodium tungstate on conductivity and methanol permeability is studied by AC impedance spectroscopy and gas chromatography. The results show that the in-situ synthesized silica and silicon tungstate dispersed well in membrane when the molar ratio of silicon tetrachloride to sodium tungstate is 1:1.SiO2/SiWA-m-PVA membrane has good water retention below 100℃. At room temperature, the proton conductivity of 1.48× 10−2S·cm−1,methanol permeability of 1.37×10−7cm2·s-1 lower an order of magnitude than Nafion117 membrane under the same conditions, power density for direct methanol fuel cell is up to 11.82 mW?cm-2.

刘书题，男，硕士研究生， e-mail: liushuti2008@163.com

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