膜科学与技术

印染废水污染膜的组合清洗技术研究

作者：陈春梅，李秀芬，刘春彦，周强，任月萍，张林中，王新华，商海波

单位： 1.江南大学环境科学与工程学院，无锡 214122；2.江苏省厌氧生物技术重点实验室，无锡 214122；3.江苏省水处理技术与材料协同创新中心，苏州，215009；4.江苏蓝天沛尔膜业有限公司，宜兴 214200）

关键词：印染废水；膜生物反应器；膜污染；化学清洗

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2015,35(6):87-92

摘要：

不同进水水质及运行管理水平下，污水处理膜生物反应器（Membrane bioreactor, MBR）的膜污染速度、膜面污染层组成及特性不同，污染膜的清洗方法亦不同. 本研究针对实际印染废水处理工程中的污染膜，开展清洗剂用量及组合清洗技术研究，综合评价清洗前后膜性能参数的变化，以期获得可用于实际废水处理工程的最优清洗方案. 结果表明，0.5%次氯酸钠在20 L/m2时清洗效果最好，3%柠檬酸在40 L/m2时清洗效果最好；超声与柠檬酸的清洗作用相似，均为提高膜污染层的孔隙率；最优清洗方案为先超声1 h，然后0.5%次氯酸钠清洗3 h，最后3%柠檬酸清洗3 h；清洗后的膜孔隙率、平均孔径及最大孔径等特征参数与新膜相比未发生明显变化；X射线能谱(Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy，EDX)分析表明，印染废水污染膜表面以有机物污染为主，兼有少量无机污染，清洗后膜表面以C和F元素居多，未见O元素和金属元素峰，表明有机物和无机物(含金属氧化物)均得到很好去除，清洗效果良好.

Under different types of wastewater and operational management, membrane fouling rate, fouling layer composite and its property as well as the cleaning strategy were different. Targeting at fouled membranes treating real textile wastewater, the cleaning agent dosage and composite cleaning technology were explored, and the parameters of cleaned membrane evaluated in this research. It was helpful to obtain the optimal cleaning solution for practical wastewater treatment plant. The results showed that 0.5% sodium hypochlorite with a dosage of 20 L/m2 and 3% citric acid with a dosage of 40 L/m2 were optimal. The cleaning function of ultrasonic and citric acid was similar, which was to improve the porosity of fouling layer. The optimal cleaning strategy was to ultrasonically clean for 1 h, immerse fouled membranes in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution for 3 h and finally in 3% citric acid solution for 3 h. The membrane after cleaning exhibited similar appearances and properties to a new one. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis showed that the foulants on/in the surface of the fouled membrane were mainly organic matter with a small amount of inorganic matter. The main elements on/in the surface of the cleaned membrane were C and F elements, but O and metal elements were totally removed. That showed excellent cleaning efficiency.

第一作者：陈春梅（1991—），女，江苏盐城人，主要研究方向为读研究生.E-mail:ccmjin@163.com

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