膜科学与技术

预氧化强化混凝-膜除藻工艺膜污染控制研究

作者：陈禹志

单位：天津工业大学环境与化学工程学院，天津300387

关键词：高锰酸钾；预氧化；混凝；膜污染控制

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2016,36(1):104-108

摘要：

采用高锰酸钾预氧化含藻水源水，以铜绿微囊藻作为代表藻种，再经聚合氯化铝（Poly Aluminum Chloride，PAC）在线混凝后用超滤膜过滤，观察预氧化强化混凝-膜过滤工艺的膜污染控制情况并研究其膜污染控制机理。分别采用浓度为0 mg/L，0.5 mg/L，1.0 mg/L，1.5 mg/L的高锰酸钾对含藻水进行预氧化处理，在其后经4 mg/L聚合氯化铝混凝，取混合液进行膜污染过滤实验。对出水水质进行监测同时通过透射电子显微镜（Transmission electron microscope，TEM）观察经预氧化处理后混凝形成的絮体形貌并结合马尔文粒度仪监测絮体粒径以及膜过滤周期结束后膜污染阻力分析，从膜污染的阻力构成分析对预氧化强化混凝减缓膜污染的机理进行了分析。通过本文讨论得出膜去除率、水力不可逆污染阻力和强力吸附阻力是控制膜污染的三个重要评价指标。当高锰酸钾投量逐渐增加时，出水水质变化明显，DOC和UV254值明显降低，混凝形成的絮体变得松散，平均粒径由135 μm增大到251 μm，且水力不可逆污染阻力由0.68×1010 cm-1降低到了0.35×1010 cm-1。当高锰酸钾预氧化浓度为1.5 mg/L时，强吸附阻力由直接混凝膜过滤时的0.25×1010 m-1降低到了0.10×1010 m-1，说明有助于减少不可恢复污染，增加通量并延长膜的使用寿命，膜污染得到了有效的控制，同时，DOC和UV254的去除率比直接混凝膜过滤分别提高了14.6%和19.5%。

The algal water peroxidation was conducted with potassium permanganate, with microcystis aeruginosa as the standard algae. Following the peroxidation, the raw water went through coagulation with Poly Aluminum Chloride（PAC）, after which was filtered with ultrafiltration membrane. The membrane fouling control was observed of which the mechanism was also researched. The concentration of potassium permanganate for pre-oxidation was 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/L respectively, after which the raw water was coagulated with mg/L of PAC. The floc formed by coagulation after peroxidation was observed with transmission electron microscope, combining with particle size analysis using the Malvern mastersizer and membrane fouling fraction analysis at the end of filtration period. The mechanism of controlling of membrane fouling was illuminated through the fouling composition. With the gradually increase of potassium permanganate concentration, effluent quality got improved, where DOC and UV254 decreased markedly, the floc became more loose, and the gradual increasing of floc size from 135 μm to 251 μm. It could be seen that the removal by membrane, hydraulic irreversible resistance and strong adsorption resistance were three important factors for the evaluation of membrane fouling control. With the gradually increase of potassium permanganate concentration, effluent quality got improved, where DOC and UV254 decreased markedly and the floc became more loose, of which size gradually increased from 135 μm to 251 μm, and the hydraulic irreversible decreased from 0.68×1010 cm-1 to 0.35×1010 cm-1. When the pre-oxidation concentration of KMnO4 was 1.5 mg/l, the strong adsorption resistance decreased from 0.25×1010 m-1 to 0.10×1010 m-1 compared with direct membrane filter, which meant it decreased the irreversible resistance, leading to the increase of flux and extraction of membrane lifespan, meanwhile, the removal of DOC and UV254 increased by 14.6% and 19.5% respectively.

第一作者简介：陈禹志（1989-），男，河北唐山人，硕士研究生，研究方向为膜法水处理研究，邮箱：tianji1989_11@163.com。*通讯作者：陈禹志 tianjin1989_11@163.com

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