膜科学与技术

正交法优化不同价态硝酸盐的纳滤分离工艺

作者：赵珍珍，肖春艳，冯世超，宋伟杰，万印华，李少华

单位： 1河南理工大学资源环境学院,河南焦作 454000；2中国科学院过程工程研究所生化工程国家重点实验室，北京 100190；3中国科学院绿色过程制造创新研究院，北京 100190；4中国科学院稀土研究院，江西赣州341000

关键词：纳滤膜工艺；正交试验；硝酸盐；分离因子

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2022,42(4):51-58

摘要：

针对稀土矿浸出液中不同价态硝酸盐的分离需求，采用正交试验研究了NF5纳滤膜对NaNO3、Ca(NO3)2、Nd(NO3)3和Ce(NO3)4混合盐的分离效果，并考察了盐溶液浓度、操作压力、进料流速和溶液pH等因素对不同价态硝酸盐分离因子（SF）的影响，确定了分离硝酸盐中不同价态阳离子的最佳条件。结果表明，最佳条件下硝酸盐的分离效果为：SFNa/Ca = 18.23，SFNa/Nd = 35.20，SFNa/Ce = 33.26，SFCa/Nd = 4.55，SFCa/Ce = 4.45，SFNd/Ce = 1.10，说明NF5纳滤膜对一价与高价离子（SFNa/Ca、SFNa/Nd和SFNa/Ce）具有优异的分离效果，对二价与大于二价离子（SFCa/Nd和SFCa/Ce）的分离具有一定效果，而对三价和四价离子（SFNd/Ce）的分离效果不佳。

For the urgent demands in separating nitrate in different valence states from rare earth leaching solutions, this paper studied the separation performance of NF5 nanofiltration membrane on NaNO3, Ca(NO3)2, Nd(NO3)3 and Ce(NO3)4 mixed salt solution using the orthogonal test and investigated the influence of salt concentration, pressure, flow rate and pH on the separation factors of nitrate in different valences states, and determined the optimal conditions to separate cationic in different valences states of nitrate. The results under optimal conditions of nitrate in different valence states were showed as follows: SFNa/Ca = 18.23, SFNa/Nd = 35.20, SFNa/Ce = 33.26, SFCa/Nd = 4.55, SFCa/Ce = 4.45, SFNd/Ce = 1.10, indicating that NF5 nanofiltration membrane had excellent separation performance in monovalent and high-valence ions ( SFNa/Ca, SFNa/Nd and SFNa/Ce ), and had a certain separation efficiency for divalent and higher than divalent ions ( SFCa/Nd and SFCa/Ce ), but had poor separation selectivity on trivalent and tetravalent ions ( SFNd/Ce ). The research would be important for the separation of salts in different valence states by nanofiltration.

赵珍珍（1994-）,女，河南焦作人，硕士生，从事分离膜制备与应用研究

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